which resulted in the English capture of New Amsterdam in 1664, out of which the English created the colonies of New York and New Jersey. As with other early settlements in colonial America, the Dutch colony was a mixed bag of peoples: primarily Dutch, of course, but also numbers of Germans and Scandinavians, many of whom had first settled in Holland for trading and economic opportunities. Out of these disparate individuals, along with some ethnic Dutch, Lutherans created a thriving string of congregations